| Exercise 1. Calculating
Total Manure Produced, Nutrient Content and Value of Manure (adapted from Olson and McKenzie, 1998) |
Exercise 1a. Determine total manure produced.
|
Livestock Type |
A Animal numbers |
B Manure Produced* (tons/head/year) |
C Number of months in confinement / 12 |
D = A x B x C Total Manure Produced for Land Application (tons/year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| / 12 | ||||
| /12 | ||||
| / 12 | ||||
| / 12 | ||||
| * Refer to Data Sheet #1 and #2 | Total | |||
Data Sheet #1 - Solid manure production (AAFRD 1995a).
| Livestock type | tons/year | |
|---|---|---|
| Beef | Open lot | 2.4 |
| Beef | Paved | 3.6 |
| Dairy | Tie stall | 27.3 |
| Poultry per | 100 layers | 2.1 |
| Poultry per | 100 broilers | 1.2 |
| Poultry per | 100 breeders | 2.9 |
| Poultry per | 100 turkey hens | 5.8 |
| Poultry per | 100 turkey toms | 6.6 |
| Poultry per | 100 turkey broilers | 4.7 |
| Sheep | Ewes | 0.6 |
| Sheep | Lambs | 0.1 |
| Bison | 1.3 | |
| Elk | 1.1 | |
| Horse | 8.4 | |
Data Sheet #2 - Liquid Manure Production (AAFRD 1995a).
| Livestock Type | gallons/year | tons/year | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sows | Farrow - finish | 5272 | 26.4 |
| Sows | Farrow – wean | 1622 | 8.1 |
| Hogs | Feeders | 568 | 2.8 |
| Dairy | Free stall | 7300 | 36.5 |
| Dairy | Tie stall | 6489 | 32.4 |
| Beef | Closed | 1460 | 7.3 |
| Poultry | 100 layers | 1810 | 9.1 |
Exercise 1b. Calculating the Nutrient Content of Manure.
| Livestock | A* Total manure produced for land application (tons) |
B** Manure Crop N content (lbs/ton) |
C =A x B Total Crop N available (lbs) |
D** Manure Crop P2O5 content (lbs/ton) |
E =A x D Total P2O5 available (lbs) |
F** Manure Crop K2O content (lbs/ton) |
G = A x F Total K2O available (lbs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beef | |||||||
| Dairy | |||||||
| Hogs | |||||||
| Poultry | |||||||
| Other |
|||||||
| Other |
|||||||
| Other |
|||||||
| Other |
|||||||
| Total | |
Total | Total | ||||
| * Column D from Ex.1a ** Refer to Data Sheet 3 | |||||||
Data sheet #3. - Manure nutrient content for various livestock types (AAFRD 1995a).
| Manure nutrient content for various livestock types. *, ** | |||||||
| Livestock type | Moisture (%) |
Total N (lbs/ton) |
Available N (lbs/ton) |
Crop N (lbs/ton) |
P2O5 (lbs/ton) |
K2O (lbs/ton) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beef | Open lot | 50 | 17 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 11 | 16 |
| Beef | Paved | 65 | 13 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 9.0 |
| Beef | Closed | 92 | 9.0 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 10 |
| Dairy | Free stall | 92 | 9.0 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 10 |
| Dairy | Tie stall | 80 | 11 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 10 |
| Hogs | Farrow-finish | 96 | 7.0 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| Hogs | Farrow-wean | 96 | 7.0 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| Hogs | Feeder | 96 | 7.0 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| Chicken | Layers (solid) | 60 | 32 | 25 | 22 | 56 | 20 |
| Chicken | Layers (liquid) | 90 | 19 | 15 | 13 | 34 | 12 |
| Chicken | Broilers | 35 | 37 | 25 | 21 | 30 | 20 |
| Chicken | Breeders | 35 | 39 | 26 | 23 | 60 | 20 |
| Turkey | Hens | 35 | 37 | 25 | 21 | 30 | 20 |
| Turkey | Toms | 35 | 37 | 25 | 21 | 30 | 20 |
| Turkey | Broilers | 35 | 37 | 25 | 21 | 30 | 20 |
| Sheep | Ewe & Lamb | 50 | 14 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 9.0 | 25 |
| Bison | n/a | 13 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 10 | 12 | |
| Elk | n/a | 13 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 10 | 12 | |
| Horse | n/a | 12 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 12 | |
| * Adopted from Appendix A-1 in the Code of Practice for the Safe and Economic Handling of Animal Manures. 1995. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. AGDEX 400/27-2 | |||||||
| ** Based on averages from a variety of sources. Actual farm values may vary greatly. | |||||||
| n/a values not available | |||||||
| Total N: Includes both inorganic (nitrate and ammonium nitrogen) and organic nitrogen. The organic portion is not available to the plant without further microbial mineralization into available (inorganic) nitrogen. | |||||||
| Available N: This is the portion of the total nitrogen that is in the inorganic (nitrate and ammonium), plant available form at the time of manure sampling. Also known as inorganic or mineral N. | |||||||
| Crop N: This is an estimate of the available nitrogen plus the portion of the organic nitrogen that is mineralized over the growing season minus the volatilization losses over the growing season. | |||||||
| P2O5: Phosphorus is expressed as phosphate equivalent of manure because phosphorus exists in both inorganic and organic forms. | |||||||
| K2O: Potassium is expressed as lbs of potash/ton of manure. | |||||||
Exercise 1c. Nutrient value of manure
| What is the economic value of manure? Manure may appear to be a cost to the producers in terms of removal, storage and disposal. But manure has a nutrient value and this can be expressed as a commercial fertilizer equivalent. | |||||
| Nutrient | Weight of nutrient in manure(lbs) |
****Commercial fertilizer cost ($/lb) |
Total value of manure nutrient ($) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beef | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Dairy | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Hogs | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Poultry | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Other | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Other | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Other | |||||
| N* | x | $ 0.27 | = | ||
| P2O5** | x | $ 0.33 | = | ||
| K2O*** | x | $ 0.16 | = | ||
| Care should be taken not to confuse these calculated economic values with market values. If a particular nutrient is not required then it would have no value. This exercise is a simple means to compare manure to commercial fertilizer. Manure also adds benefits to the soil such as improved soil structure, water-holding capacity, and reclamation of eroded land. It is difficult to determine economic values for these benefits. | |||||
| * | Column C from exercise 1b | ||||
| ** | Column E from exercise 1b | ||||
| *** | Column G from exercise 1b | ||||
| **** | Cost of commercial fertilizer in central Alberta – March 1, 2000. | ||||